वैश्विक बहुआयामी गरीबी सूचकांक 2025: अवलोकन और निष्कर्ष

The Global Multidimensional Poverty Index 2025 highlights that 1.1 billion people worldwide live in acute multidimensional poverty, with climate change exacerbating the situation. This is crucial for UPSC aspirants, particularly for General Studies Papers 2 and 3, as it involves social justice and economic development. Last Updated: 2025-10-23

Key Facts About Global Multidimensional Poverty Index 2025

• 1.1 billion people live in acute multidimensional poverty globally.
• Poverty rate in India decreased from 55.1% to 16.4% between 2005-2021.
• 32 million people were displaced due to climate shocks in 2022.
• Extreme poverty could nearly double by 2050 without strong climate measures.
• Approximately 309 million poor individuals face multiple climate hazards.
• 64.5% of the world's poor live in middle-income countries.
• Major deprivations include 970 million lacking clean cooking fuel.
• 76 out of 88 countries have seen some decline in MPI.
• MPI captures overlapping deprivations beyond income metrics.
• Health, Education, and Standard of Living are the three core dimensions of MPI.
• A person is multidimensionally poor if their deprivation score is 33.3% or higher.
• Kerala is set to be the first Indian state free of extreme poverty by November 1, 2025.
• Key challenges include multidimensional deprivations and vulnerability to climate shocks.
• Integrated welfare programs are essential for holistic poverty alleviation.
• Government initiatives like MGNREGA and PM-KISAN support poverty alleviation.
• The 2025 MPI report combines climate hazard data with poverty metrics for the first time.

India's Progress in Poverty Alleviation

The Global Multidimensional Poverty Index 2025 underscores India's significant progress in reducing poverty, aligning with its economic and social goals. The decrease in poverty rates from 55.1% to 16.4% is a testament to effective policy interventions. However, rural areas still face challenges, necessitating continued efforts. India's growth figures and strategic policies have positioned it favorably in international comparisons, highlighting its commitment to sustainable development.

Related Government Schemes/Policies

• MGNREGA: Provides employment opportunities to enhance livelihood security in rural areas.
• PM-KISAN: Offers financial support to small and marginal farmers to ensure a stable income.

UPSC Relevance

• GS Paper 2: Social Justice - Poverty and hunger.
• GS Paper 3: Economic Development - Inclusive growth and issues arising from it.
• Prelims: Questions on poverty statistics, government schemes, and climate impacts.
• Mains: Analytical themes on poverty alleviation strategies and climate change impacts.
• Essay Paper: Topics on poverty, inequality, and climate change.

FAQ Section

• What is the Global Multidimensional Poverty Index?

  The Global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) measures poverty by considering multiple deprivations across health, education, and living standards. A person is multidimensionally poor if their deprivation score is 33.3% or higher.

• Why is the Global Multidimensional Poverty Index important?

  The MPI provides a comprehensive view of poverty, capturing overlapping deprivations that income metrics alone cannot. It is crucial for designing targeted poverty alleviation policies.

• What are the key features of the 2025 MPI report?

  The 2025 MPI report integrates climate hazard data with poverty metrics, highlighting that 1.1 billion people live in acute poverty, with 32 million displaced due to climate shocks in 2022.