Census of Indigenous Tribes in Andaman and Nicobar Islands

The 16th Census of India, scheduled for 2026–27, will focus on enumerating six major indigenous tribes in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. This initiative is crucial for UPSC aspirants as it relates to GS Paper 1, which covers Indian society and geography. Last Updated: 2025-07-14

Key Facts About Census of Indigenous Tribes in Andaman and Nicobar Islands

• The 16th Census of India is scheduled for 2026–27.
• It includes the enumeration of six major indigenous tribes.
• The tribes are: Great Andamanese, Onge, Jarawa, Sentinelese, Shompen, and Nicobarese.
• All except the Nicobarese are classified as Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs).
• The Great Andamanese population was 43 as per the Census 2001.
• The Onges population was 96 as per the Census 2001, residing in Little Andaman.
• The Jarawa population was 380 as per the Census 2011.
• The Sentinelese population was 39 as per the Census 2001, known for their hostility to outsiders.
• The Shompens population was 229 as per the Census 2011.
• The Nicobarese population exceeds 27,000.
• The planned census aims to enhance representation and preservation of these tribes.

India's Indigenous Heritage and Cultural Preservation

The enumeration of indigenous tribes in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands is significant for preserving India's rich cultural heritage. It aligns with India's strategic goal of safeguarding vulnerable communities and promoting cultural diversity. The census will provide critical data to support policies aimed at the socio-economic development of these tribes, contributing to India's broader social goals.

Related Government Schemes/Policies

• Tribal Sub-Plan (TSP): Focuses on the socio-economic development of tribal communities.
• Vanbandhu Kalyan Yojana: Aims to improve the quality of life of tribal people.
• Integrated Tribal Development Project (ITDP): Provides infrastructure and services in tribal areas.

UPSC Relevance

• GS Paper 1: Indian Society, Diversity of India, and Geography.
• Prelims Angle: Questions on the names and characteristics of the tribes, population figures, and classifications like PVTGs.
• Mains Angle: Analytical themes on tribal rights, cultural preservation, and socio-economic development.
• Essay Paper: Topics on cultural diversity and heritage preservation.

FAQ Section

• What is the Census of Indigenous Tribes in Andaman and Nicobar Islands?

  The census is part of the 16th Census of India scheduled for 2026–27, focusing on enumerating six major indigenous tribes to enhance their representation and preserve their cultural heritage.

• Why is the census important?

  The census is crucial for collecting data to support policies aimed at the socio-economic development and cultural preservation of these vulnerable groups.

• What are the key features of the census?

  It includes enumeration of six tribes, with a focus on PVTGs, and aims to enhance representation and preservation efforts. The census will provide updated population figures and socio-economic data.