Magnetite particles, suspected to cause neurodegenerative problems, are generated as environmental p

Question

Magnetite particles, suspected to cause neurodegenerative problems, are generated as environmental pollutants from which of the following?  Brakes of motor vehicles Engines of motor vehicles Microwave stoves within homes Power plants Telephone lines  Select the correct answer using the code given below.

Accepted Answer

Magnetite can have potentially large impacts on the brain due to its unique combination of redox activity, surface charge and strongly magnetic behaviour. Airborne magnetite pollution particles < ~200 nm in size can access the brain directly via the olfactory and/or trigeminal nerves, bypassing the blood-brain barrier. These tiny particles, each less than a thousandth the width of a human hair, are generated by a wide variety of processes, both natural and fabricated, including:Forest fires and wood-burning stovesRoad traffic pollutionMany high-temperature industrial processesIn addition to occupational settings (including, for example, exposure to printer toner powders), higher concentrations of magnetite pollution nanoparticles may arise in the indoor environment from open fires or poorly-sealed stoves used for cooking and/or heating, and in the outdoor environment from vehicle (tailpipe and brake wear) and/or industrial PM sources.