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Political ScienceClass 6

Social and Political Life - I

Introduction to social and political life

Previous Year Questions

Practice questions from Political Science Social and Political Life - I

1

In the context of India, which one of the following is the characteristic appropriate for bureaucracy?

A. An agency for widening the scope of parliamentary democracy
B. An agency for strengthening the structure of federalism
C. An agency for facilitating political stability and economic growth
D. An Agency for the implementation of public policy(Correct Answer)

While the heads of government and their ministers, saddled with the overall responsibility of government policy, are together known as the political executive having a shorter term of office (In India, it is generally for 5 years); those responsible for the day to day administration are called the permanent executive, i.e. the Bureaucracy. Hence option (d) is the correct answer.

Source: NCERT: Indian Constitution At Work Chapter: Executive

2

A Parliamentary System of Government is one in which

A. all political parties in the Parliament are represented in the Government
B. the Government is responsible to the Parliament and can be removed by it(Correct Answer)
C. the Government is elected by the people and can be removed by them
D. the Government is chosen by the Parliament but cannot be removed by it before completion of a fixed term

The Constitution of India has opted for the British Parliamentary form of Government. It is based on the principle of cooperation and coordination between the legislative and executive organs. The features of the Parliamentary government in India are:

  • Presence of nominal and real executives
  • Majority party rule
  • Collective responsibility of the executive to the legislature
  • Membership of the ministers in the legislature
  • Leadership of the Prime Minister or the Chief Minister
  • Dissolution of the lower house (Lok Sabha or Assembly)

Source Attribution: This explanation is based on information from NCERT: Indian Constitution At Work and Laxmikanth: Indian Polity.

3

Which one of the following factors constitutes the best safeguard of liberty in a liberal democracy?

A. A committed judiciary
B. Centralization of powers
C. Elected government
D. Separation of powers(Correct Answer)

Committed judiciary i.e. a judiciary committed to the policies of the government. Such judiciary will never go against the government's policies. Therefore, will not be able to protect the liberty. So, option (a) is not correct.

Centralization of power refers to a setup in which the decision-making powers are concentrated in a few leaders at the top of the organizational structure. Decisions are made at the top and communicated to lower-level for implementation. This leads to authoritarian tendencies, impacting the liberty. So, option (b) is also not correct.

Elected government is representative of the people. It is expected to ensure liberty. This is not the best safeguard to ensure liberty.

Separation of power (executive, legislature and judiciary) checks the abuse of power by other organs. So, this helps in checking the authoritarian tendencies. This is the best safeguard to safeguard liberty. So, option (d) is the correct answer.

Source: NCERT

4

In the context of India, which one of the following is the characteristic appropriate for bureaucracy?

A. An agency for widening the scope of parliamentary democracy
B. An agency for strengthening the structure of federalism
C. An agency for facilitating political stability and economic growth
D. An Agency for the implementation of public policy(Correct Answer)

While the heads of government and their ministers, saddled with the overall responsibility of government policy, are together known as the political executive having a shorter term of office (In India, it is generally for 5 years); those responsible for the day to day administration are called the permanent executive, i.e. the Bureaucracy. Hence option (d) is the correct answer.

Source: NCERT: Indian Constitution At Work Chapter: Executive

5

Which one of the following best defines the term State?

A. A community of persons permanently occupying a definite territory independent of external control and possessing an organized government(Correct Answer)
B. A politically organized people of a definite territory and possessing an authority to govern them, maintain law and order, protect their natural rights and safeguard their means of sustenance
C. A number of persons who have been living in a definite territory for a very long time with their own culture, tradition and government
D. A society permanently living in a definite territory with a central authority, an executive responsible to the central authority and an independent judiciary

State is a political organization of society. The state is a form of human association distinguished from other social groups based on its purpose of formation.

Following are the elements of a state:

  1. People: i.e. the community of persons permanently living there.
  2. Government
  3. Territory: Demarcated boundary that separates one state from the other.
  4. Sovereignty: It has independent say in all domestic and external decision making.

Thus, the 1st option is the correct answer.

Source: NCERT: The Indian Constitution

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1

In the context of India, which one of the following is the characteristic appropriate for bureaucracy?

Topic: Central Council of MinistersYear: 2020

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