India’s Maritime Security: SHANTI Framework

India has proposed the SHANTI framework as a norms-based maritime governance model, marking a significant shift in its maritime strategy. This is crucial for UPSC aspirants, especially for General Studies Paper 2 and 3, focusing on international relations and security. Last Updated: 31-07-2026

Key Facts About SHANTI Framework

• SHANTI stands for a norms-based maritime governance model, building on SAGAR and MAHASAGAR.
• Launched as part of India's candidature for the UN Security Council 2028-29 term.
• Pilot region is the Bay of Bengal, with plans to expand to the Indo-Pacific.
• Aims to promote rules-based maritime cooperation and strengthen India's role as a security partner.
• Focuses on BIMSTEC integration, Maritime Domain Awareness (MDA), and Blue Economy initiatives.
• Addresses both traditional and non-traditional maritime security challenges.

India's Maritime Security Evolution

The SHANTI framework is a pivotal development in India's maritime security strategy, aligning with India's broader economic and strategic goals. It reflects India's shift from competition to cooperation and aims to enhance regional stability and economic growth. The framework is part of India's efforts to maintain a free and multipolar maritime space in the Indo-Pacific, crucial for economic growth and strategic positioning.

UPSC Relevance

• GS Paper 2: International relations, India's foreign policy, and regional cooperation.
• GS Paper 3: Security challenges and their management in border areas, including maritime security.
• Prelims: Questions could focus on the definition and objectives of the SHANTI framework.
• Mains: Analytical themes could include India's maritime strategy and regional cooperation in the Indo-Pacific.

FAQ Section

• What is the SHANTI framework? The SHANTI framework is a norms-based maritime governance model proposed by India to enhance maritime security and cooperation in the Indo-Pacific region.
• Why is the SHANTI framework important? It is important as it aims to strengthen India's role as a preferred security partner by promoting rules-based maritime cooperation and addressing both traditional and non-traditional security challenges.
• What are the key features of the SHANTI framework? Key features include promoting norms, trust, and integrity in maritime governance, enhancing BIMSTEC integration, and focusing on Maritime Domain Awareness and Blue Economy initiatives.