India Showcases Forest and Landscape Restoration Initiatives at COFO 28 in Rome
Key Points
India's participation at COFO 28 in Rome highlights its achievements in forest and landscape restoration, crucial for sustainable forest management and climate action. This is significant for UPSC aspirants, particularly for GS Paper 3 (Environment and Ecology). Last Updated: 30-09-2026
Key Facts About India's Forest and Landscape Restoration Initiatives
- Forest and Tree Cover: India's total forest and tree cover is 82.74 million hectares, covering 25.17% of its geographical area.
- Global Rankings: India ranks 9th globally in total forest area and 3rd in net annual forest area gain, as per the FAO's Global Forest Resources Assessment 2025.
- Carbon Sink Initiative: Achieved an additional carbon sink of 2.29 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalent by 2021, aiming for 3.5 to 4.0 billion tonnes by 2035.
- Bonn Challenge Commitment: Committed to restoring 26 million hectares of degraded land by 2030, with 21.76 million hectares already restored.
- Aravalli Green Wall: Identified 6.45 million hectares of degraded land for restoration across Gujarat, Rajasthan, Haryana, and Delhi.
- MISHTI Initiative: Restoring coastal ecosystems to enhance climate resilience and support local livelihoods.
- Wetland Conservation: India now has 101 Ramsar Sites, reflecting its commitment to wetland conservation.
- Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam Campaign: A nationwide initiative to plant over 3.5 billion saplings.
India's Role in Global Forest Restoration
India's initiatives in forest and landscape restoration are pivotal for achieving its economic and environmental goals. The country's efforts contribute to global climate action and biodiversity conservation, aligning with international commitments like the Paris Agreement. India's strategic focus on sustainable forest management supports its ambition to become a global leader in environmental sustainability.
UPSC Relevance
For UPSC aspirants, this topic is relevant to GS Paper 3 (Environment and Ecology) and GS Paper 2 (International Relations). In Prelims, questions may focus on India's forest cover statistics, global rankings, and specific initiatives like the Bonn Challenge. In Mains, candidates can explore themes related to sustainable development, climate action, and international cooperation in environmental policies.
FAQ Section
- What is COFO 28? COFO 28 is the Twenty-eighth Session of the FAO Committee on Forestry, focusing on global forest policy and sustainable management practices.
- Why is India's participation in COFO 28 important? India's participation underscores its commitment to global environmental policies, showcasing its achievements in forest restoration and climate action.
- What are the key features of India's forest restoration initiatives? Key features include the restoration of 21.76 million hectares under the Bonn Challenge, the creation of a significant carbon sink, and the expansion of Ramsar Sites to 101.
Detailed Coverage
- Forest and Tree Cover: 82.74 million hectares, 25.17% of India's area.
- Global Rankings: 9th in total forest area, 3rd in net annual forest area gain.
- Carbon Sink Initiative: 2.29 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalent created by 2021.
- Bonn Challenge Commitment: 26 million hectares to be restored by 2030.
- Aravalli Green Wall: 6.45 million hectares identified for restoration.
- MISHTI: Restoring coastal ecosystems for climate resilience.
- Wetland Conservation: 101 Ramsar Sites established.
- Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam: Campaign to plant over 3.5 billion saplings.
- International Cooperation: Emphasis on support for developing countries.
- FAO Collaboration: Strengthening forestry work and Global Forest Goals.
- UN Decade for Afforestation: Commitment to align with Sustainable Forest Management.
- Climate Financing: Need for effective financing for restoration programs.
- Knowledge Sharing: Promotion of South-South and triangular cooperation.
- Local Communities: Addressing their needs through sustainable management.
- Resilient Landscapes: Aim for productive and inclusive forest ecosystems.