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GeographySource: Indian Express

Great Nicobar Project Approved by National Green Tribunal - Summary and Significance

Tuesday, 17 February 2026
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Key Points

The National Green Tribunal has approved the strategically vital Great Nicobar Project, imposing stringent conditions to protect coastlines, coral reefs, and endangered species. Concerns regarding deforestation, tribal displacement, and seismic vulnerability persist. Successful implementation requires rigorous enforcement of safeguards and genuine consultation with Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) like the Shompen and Nicobarese under the Forest Rights Act, 2006.

Detailed Coverage

  • Prevention of Erosion: Construction must not cause erosion or adverse shoreline changes.
  • Protection of Sandy Beaches: No loss of sandy beaches, critical for turtles and birds.
  • Protection of Coral Reefs: Measures must be taken to protect coral reefs and ensure regeneration.
  • Protection of Endangered Species: Specific conditions for Leatherback turtles, Nicobar megapode, and more.
  • Binding Nature of Conditions: Government must adhere to environmental clearance conditions.
  • About the Project: Mega infrastructure initiative to transform Great Nicobar into a strategic hub.
  • Key Infrastructure: Includes ICTT, Greenfield Airport, Township, and Power Plant.
  • Tribal Safeguards: Mandatory consultation with tribal welfare bodies required.
  • Wildlife Corridors: Eight corridors planned for safe animal movement.
  • Chokepoint Proximity: Location allows monitoring of vital sea lanes.
  • Maritime Domain Awareness: Strengthens India's naval tracking capabilities.
  • First Line of Defence: Islands serve as India's maritime defense.
  • Military Deterrence: Enhances deployment and surveillance capabilities.
  • Economic Significance: Aims to reduce reliance on foreign transshipment ports.
  • Indigenous Impact: Threatens Nicobarese ancestral land.
  • Environmental Concerns: Risks of deforestation and threats to endangered species.
  • Legal Concerns: Past recommendations on tree felling not enforced.
  • Sustainability Measures: Need for ecological conservation strategies and safeguarding tribal rights.
Geography

Practice Questions

Test your understanding of this article

Question 1 of 50 / 5 answered
1

In the framework of the Great Nicobar Project, the term 'Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups' (PVTGs) refers to communities that require special attention due to their unique cultural and socio-economic conditions. Which of the following tribes is explicitly mentioned as a PVTG in the context of this project?