Discovery of Garcinia kusumae: A New Tree Species in Assam

The discovery of a new tree species, Garcinia kusumae, in Assam marks a significant enhancement of the region's floral biodiversity. This matters for UPSC aspirants, particularly for GS Paper 3, which covers biodiversity and environment. Last Updated: 2025-07-04

Key Facts About Garcinia kusumae

• New species: Garcinia kusumae
• Locally known as: Thoikora
• Family: Clusiaceae
• Height: Up to 18 meters
• Flowering period: February to April
• Fruiting period: May to June
• Ethnobotanical uses: Culinary and medicinal
• Global species count: 414 species in Garcinia genus
• Species in India: 33 species and 7 varieties
• Species in Assam: 12 species and 3 varieties
• Medicinal significance: Used for heat stroke, diabetes, dysentery
• Research highlight: First genetically modified rubber discovered in Assam
• Importance: Enhances understanding of Assam's biodiversity
• Distinct features: Unique flower structure and resin characteristics

India's Biodiversity and Conservation Efforts

The discovery of Garcinia kusumae underscores India's commitment to preserving its rich biodiversity, aligning with national goals of environmental sustainability and conservation. As a biodiversity hotspot, India ranks among the top countries with diverse flora and fauna, contributing to ecological balance and offering potential for medicinal research and economic growth through sustainable practices.

Related Government Schemes/Policies

• National Biodiversity Action Plan: Aims to conserve biological diversity and promote sustainable use of its components.
• National Medicinal Plants Board: Supports conservation and development of medicinal plants.

UPSC Relevance

GS Paper 1: Indian culture and biodiversity

GS Paper 3: Environment and biodiversity conservation

Prelims Angle: Questions on new species, their characteristics, and ethnobotanical uses

Mains Angle: Essays on biodiversity conservation, sustainable development, and the role of indigenous knowledge

FAQ Section

• What is Garcinia kusumae? Garcinia kusumae is a newly discovered tree species in Assam, belonging to the Clusiaceae family, known for its medicinal and culinary uses.
• Why is Garcinia kusumae important? It enhances the understanding of Assam's biodiversity and has potential medicinal applications, contributing to local and scientific knowledge.
• What are the key features of Garcinia kusumae? The tree grows up to 18 meters, flowers from February to April, and fruits from May to June, with unique flower structures and resin characteristics.