Proposed Reforms in Judicial Appointments and Collegium System

The proposed Private Member’s Bill aims to reform judicial appointments in India, ensuring greater diversity and accessibility in the higher judiciary. This is crucial for UPSC aspirants as it relates to GS Paper 2, focusing on governance and the Constitution. Last Updated: 21-02-2026

Key Facts About Judicial Appointments and Collegium System Reforms

• The Bill advocates for proportional representation for SCs, STs, OBCs, women, and minorities in judicial appointments.
• It proposes a maximum timeline of 90 days for the Central Government to notify collegium recommendations.
• Permanent regional appellate benches of the Supreme Court are to be established in New Delhi, Kolkata, Mumbai, and Chennai.
• Currently, only about 20% of higher judiciary appointees are from SC, ST, and OBC backgrounds.
• Women and religious minorities represent less than 15% and 5% of appointees, respectively.
• The Supreme Court operates solely from New Delhi, limiting access for citizens in other regions.

India's Judicial Diversity and Accessibility

The proposed reforms are significant as they aim to align the judiciary with India's broader social goals of inclusivity and equality. By addressing structural barriers, these reforms could enhance India's global standing in terms of judicial diversity. The establishment of regional benches is expected to improve access to justice, particularly for citizens in southern, eastern, and northeastern states, contributing to a more equitable legal system.

UPSC Relevance

• GS Paper 2: Focus on governance, Constitution, and judicial reforms.
• Prelims: Questions may focus on the provisions of the Bill, such as the timeline for appointments and the establishment of regional benches.
• Mains: Analytical themes could include the impact of judicial diversity on governance and the rule of law.
• Essay Paper: Topics on diversity and representation in public institutions.

FAQ Section

• What is the proposed Private Member’s Bill? The Bill aims to reform judicial appointments by ensuring proportional representation for marginalized groups and establishing regional Supreme Court benches.
• Why is judicial diversity important? Judicial diversity is crucial for fair representation in the legal system, enhancing public trust and ensuring that diverse perspectives inform judicial decisions.
• What are the key features of the Bill? Key features include proportional representation for SCs, STs, OBCs, women, and minorities, a 90-day timeline for appointments, and the creation of regional Supreme Court benches.