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Science & TechnologySource: The Hindu

Understanding Transgenic Research and Its Implications

Tuesday, 1 April 2025
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Key Points

Transgenic research, which involves altering the genomes of organisms by introducing foreign DNA, is pivotal in advancing biotechnology and understanding genetic diseases. This research is particularly significant for UPSC aspirants, as it relates to GS Paper 3 (Science & Technology). Last Updated: 2025-04-01.

Key Facts About Transgenic Research

  • Transgenic research involves altering genomes by introducing foreign DNA.
  • The term 'transgenic' combines 'trans' (across) and 'genic' (genes).
  • This research creates transgenic animals, plants, and microorganisms.
  • Commonly used in genetic studies and biotechnology advancements.
  • Transgenic mice are key in studying gene functions and disease mechanisms.
  • They contribute to research in cancer, genetic disorders, and reproductive health.
  • In India, cotton is the only commercially cultivated transgenic crop.
  • The Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee (GEAC) oversees transgenic research.

Transgenic Research and India's Biotechnology Growth

Transgenic research is a cornerstone of India's biotechnology sector, aligning with the country's strategic goals to enhance agricultural productivity and healthcare innovation. With biotechnology contributing significantly to India's GDP, the focus on transgenic organisms helps India compete globally, particularly in agriculture and medical research. India's biotechnology sector is projected to reach a valuation of $150 billion by 2025, showcasing its rapid growth and international competitiveness.

Related Government Schemes/Policies

  • Make in India: Encourages biotechnology innovation and manufacturing.
  • National Biotechnology Development Strategy: Aims to harness biotechnological advancements for economic growth.
  • Biotechnology Industry Research Assistance Council (BIRAC): Supports research and innovation in biotechnology.

UPSC Relevance

  • GS Paper 3: Science & Technology - Developments and their applications and effects in everyday life.
  • Prelims Angle: Questions on definitions, key organizations like GEAC, and India's transgenic crops.
  • Mains Angle: Analytical themes on biotechnology's role in economic growth and ethical considerations.
  • Essay Paper: Topics on the impact of biotechnology on society and economy.

FAQ Section

  • What is transgenic research? Transgenic research involves altering the genomes of organisms by introducing foreign DNA to create transgenic animals, plants, and microorganisms.
  • Why is transgenic research important? It is crucial for advancing biotechnology, understanding genetic diseases, and improving agricultural productivity, contributing to India's economic and scientific development.
  • What are the key features of transgenic research? Key features include the creation of transgenic organisms, the use of transgenic mice in genetic studies, and the oversight by the Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee (GEAC).

Detailed Coverage

  • Transgenic research involves altering genomes by introducing foreign DNA.
  • The term 'transgenic' combines 'trans' (across) and 'genic' (genes).
  • This research creates transgenic animals, plants, and microorganisms.
  • Commonly used in genetic studies and biotechnology advancements.
  • Transgenic mice are key in studying gene functions and disease mechanisms.
  • They contribute to research in cancer, genetic disorders, and reproductive health.
  • Advancements in biotechnology and agriculture stem from these studies.
  • In India, cotton is the only commercially cultivated transgenic crop.
  • The Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee (GEAC) oversees transgenic research.
  • GEAC evaluates environmental impacts of research and industrial uses.
  • Research focuses on hazardous microorganisms and recombinants.
  • Transgenic research is gaining significant attention globally.
  • It plays a vital role in advancing scientific knowledge.
  • Transgenic organisms help model diseases effectively.
  • They are crucial for understanding complex biological processes.
  • Research continues to evolve with technological advancements.
Science & Technology

Practice Questions

Test your understanding of this article

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In the context of genetic engineering, the term that describes organisms whose genomes have been altered by the introduction of foreign DNA sequences from another species is critical for advancing scientific knowledge. What is this term commonly referred to as?

Understanding Transgenic Research and Its Implications | UPSC Current Affairs - PrepAiro